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What Is The Best pH Level For Prepared Water?

When it comes to water, most people think about purity, taste, or whether it’s filtered, but there’s another important factor to consider: pH level.

This simple measurement plays a big role in how safe and healthy your drinking water really is.

At MANZI Water, we believe that understanding pH is key to making informed hydration choices. That is why we maintain our prepared water at a stable and healthy pH of around 7.

In this article, we will explore what pH levels mean, the best pH for prepared water, and why extremes on either side of the scale can be harmful.

What Does pH Level Mean?

The pH level of a substance shows how acidic or alkaline it is, measured on a scale from 0 to 14:

  • 0–6.9 = Acidic (e.g., lemon juice, vinegar)
  • 7 = Neutral (e.g., pure water)
  • 7.1–14 = Alkaline or Basic (e.g., baking soda, soapy water)

The pH level affects the taste, safety, and health impact of your water.

Neutral water (pH 7) is generally considered the most balanced and ideal for daily hydration.

What Is The Best pH Level For Drinking Water?

According to both the World Health Organization (WHO) and SANS 241:2015 standards, the ideal pH for drinking water lies between 6.5 and 8.5.

Within this range:

  • Slightly Acidic (6.5–6.9): Still safe to drink but may corrode pipes or slightly affect the taste.
  • Neutral (7): The perfect balance, clean and crisp, ideal for daily hydration.
  • Slightly Alkaline (7.1–8.5): Often preferred for its smooth taste, although there is no proven health benefit compared to neutral water.

At MANZI Water, we maintain a stable pH of 7, aligning with both international and South African guidelines for safe, clean drinking water.

What Are The Risks of Extreme pH Levels?

Small pH variations are harmless, but extremes can create health and quality issues:

  • Highly acidic water (below 6) can leach metals like lead or copper from pipes, affecting safety and taste.
  • Highly alkaline water (above 9) may cause digestive discomfort, dry skin, and interfere with nutrient absorption.
  • Staying within the 6.5–8.5 range ensures both safety and taste, with neutral water (pH 7) offering the most balanced hydration.

Why Does MANZI Water Maintain a Neutral pH?

At MANZI Water, we prepare and monitor our water carefully to maintain a consistent neutral pH.

Here’s why it matters:

  • Safety: Neutral water avoids corrosive acidity and over-alkalinity.
  • Taste: Balanced pH gives water a naturally fresh, pure taste.
  • Appliance Protection: Neutral water prevents scaling and damage to kettles, coffee machines, and water dispensers.
  • Consistency: Whether bottled or refilled, MANZI Water delivers the same crisp quality every time.

What Sets MANZI Water Apart?

Unlike brands that market highly alkaline water as “superior”, MANZI Water focuses on scientific balance.

Neutral water supports your body’s natural equilibrium without altering internal pH levels.

Our dual model, which consists of packaged water and water refill stations, provides both convenience and sustainability.

While our water refill stations do not fit SANBWA membership criteria, we remain fully compliant with SANS 241 standards, giving every customer confidence in quality and safety.

What Are The Everyday Benefits of Neutral pH Water?

  • Gentle on Digestion: Neutral water is easy on the stomach.
  • Healthier Skin: Balanced hydration supports skin moisture.
  • Efficient Absorption: Your body processes neutral water effectively.
  • Better Oral Health: Neutral water helps maintain a healthy mouth environment.

Conclusion

When it comes to hydration, pH matters more than most people realise.

Neutral water (pH 7) is the safest and most reliable choice for daily drinking.

At MANZI Water, we guarantee water that is pure, balanced, and prepared to perfection so you can hydrate with confidence.

Choose MANZI Water for hydration that is safe, clean, consistent, and always at the right pH.

FAQs

What Is The Best pH Level For Drinking Water?

Around 7 (neutral) is ideal, with 6.5 to 8.5 being the safe range for human consumption.

What Is The pH Level of Water In South Africa?

Municipal water generally ranges between 6 and 8.5, depending on the source and treatment. MANZI Water maintains a constant pH of 7 for safety and quality.

Is 9.5 Ph Water Good To Drink?

It’s not harmful in small amounts but unnecessary for health. Neutral water remains the most balanced and gentle on the body.

What Is The Normal pH of Urine During Pregnancy?

Typically, between 4.5 and 8. Slight alkalinity can occur naturally, but large shifts should be discussed with a healthcare professional.

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Safe, Clean Drinking Water in South Africa: Why Prepared Water Brings Peace of Mind

Even in 2025, with one of the most advanced water infrastructures historically on the continent, millions of South Africans still ask themselves the same unsettling question: “Is my drinking water truly safe?”

What Does “Safe, Clean Drinking Water” Really Mean?

It’s not just about water looking clear.

Safe, clean drinking water must:

  • Meet SANS 241 (South African National Standard) requirements.
  • Be free from microorganisms, chemicals, and contaminants.
  • Be regularly tested and consistently compliant.

Unfortunately, ageing infrastructure, wastewater contamination, and droughts mean that compliance and quality vary across the country.

The Municipal Water Challenge

In many urban centres, municipal water can still be safe, but in smaller towns and rural areas, quality is inconsistent.

  • The 2023 Green Drop Progress Assessment found that 64% of wastewater treatment works were at high or critical risk of releasing inadequately treated effluent.
  • Failures expose communities to pathogens like E.coli, heavy metals, and pesticides.
  • Even when legally compliant, water may appear brown, smell odd, or erode public trust.
  • The result? South Africans want more than “compliance”. They want certainty.

How MANZI Water Delivers Certainty

This is where prepared water offers peace of mind. MANZI Water does not replace municipal systems but complements them with stricter quality assurance.

Our six-stage purification process includes:

Sand Filtration

Sand filtration works by passing water through layers of sand and gravel, which trap particles, dirt, and some microorganisms. It’s a reliable, low-maintenance method often used in large-scale municipal water treatment as a first step in removing suspended solids.

Element Filtration

Element filtration refers to water passing through filter cartridges (often ceramic, pleated, or specialised membranes) that physically block contaminants based on pore size. In MANZI Water’s element filtration process, the water first passes through a 5-micron filter element, which removes undissolved solids as small as 5 microns (0.005mm), and then through a 1-micron filter element that removes particles down to 1 micron (0.001mm).

Reverse Osmosis

Reverse osmosis (RO) forces water through a semi-permeable membrane at high pressure, filtering out dissolved salts, heavy metals, and impurities on a molecular level.

Carbon Filtration

Carbon filters use activated carbon to absorb impurities and chemicals, especially chlorine, pesticides, and organic compounds that affect taste and smell. This process doesn’t remove minerals but significantly improves water flavour and odour.

UV Protection

Ultraviolet (UV) treatment disinfects water by exposing it to UV light, which damages the DNA of bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. It’s highly effective at sterilisation.

Ozone Treatment

Ozone treatment introduces ozone gas (O₃) into the water. Ozone is a powerful oxidiser that kills bacteria, viruses, and protozoa while also breaking down organic matter. Unlike chlorine, ozone doesn’t leave a strong taste or odour, and it reverts to oxygen after treatment, leaving no harmful residues.

Testing at all MANZI Water outlets is rigorous:

  • E.coli: Not Detected (SANS 241 allows <1/100 mL)
  • Total Coliforms: 0 (SANS 241 allows <10/100 mL)
  • Total Plate Count: 0 (SANS 241 allows <1,000 cfu/mL)
  • Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): <20 mg/L (SANS 241 allows <1,200 mg/L)

This means every refill from MANZI Water is safer, cleaner, and more consistent than what many households get from their taps.

Debunking the Myths

Myth 1: “Tap Water Is Always Safe.”

  • Safety varies depending on infrastructure and monitoring.

Myth 2: “Prepared Water Is Overpriced Bottled Water.”

  • Not at MANZI Water — refills start at just R1 per litre.

Myth 3: “If Water Tastes Fine, It’s Safe.”

  • Many dangerous contaminants in drinking water are invisible and tasteless.

Myth 4: “Only Rural Areas Need Alternatives.”

  • Ageing infrastructure in cities make prepared water essential everywhere.

More Than Water: Restoring Dignity and Trust

With more than 100 trusted outlets across South Africa, MANZI Water is not just about water. It’s about restoring dignity, building trust, and supporting entrepreneurship in local communities.

South Africa’s municipal systems must be strengthened, but until every household can trust their taps, prepared water remains a transparent and practical solution.

With MANZI Water, safe, clean drinking water is not a gamble — it’s a guarantee.

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Why Families Are Loving MANZI Water’s 100% Fruit Juice Range

When most people think of MANZI Water, they think of safe, clean drinking water, and rightly so, but did you know we also offer a delicious range of 100% fruit juices that are packed with goodness and free from added sugars or artificial ingredients?

Whether you are looking for a quick refreshment on the go or something nutritious to keep in the fridge at home, our fruit juice range offers something for everyone.

Real Fruit, Real Flavour, Real Convenience

Crafted for health-conscious families, professionals and anyone who cares about what they drink, our 100% fruit juice range is available in two formats:

  • Ready-To-Drink: Available in 300 ml, 500 ml, 1.5 L and 3 L bottles, perfect for school lunchboxes, gym bags or family meals.
  • Concentrate: Sold in a 1 L bottle that’s ideal for home use. Just mix with MANZI Water and enjoy.

Both formats are free from added sugar and artificial flavourings, offering a naturally sweet, refreshing experience without compromising on quality.

Various Flavours To Love

Our fruit juice range features eight mouth-watering options:

  • Apple
  • Cranberry
  • Guava
  • Litchi
  • Mango
  • Orange
  • Pineapple & Carrot
  • Tropical

From timeless favourites like Mango and Orange to more refined blends like Cranberry or Pineapple & Carrot, each bottle offers a burst of real fruit flavour and natural goodness.

What Makes It Special?

At MANZI Water, we are proud to partner with trusted suppliers like Granor Passi, known for their 50+ years of industry expertise and world-class production facilities. This ensures that every bottle of fruit juice starts with premium fruit and is processed to the highest safety and transparency standards.

It’s this attention to detail, from sourcing to bottling, that makes our fruit juice range a smart choice for those who care about what goes into their bodies.

Easy to Find, Easy to Enjoy

You will find our fruit juices at more than 100 outlets across South Africa, so whether you are topping up your water supply or just popping in for a quick refreshment, we have got you covered.

As more people look for clean, naturally derived products that support healthier lifestyles, we are proud to offer a range that’s not only delicious, but also aligned with your values.

Ready to taste the difference? Visit your nearest MANZI Water outlet and grab your favourite 100% fruit juice today.

FAQs

What is the healthiest drink?

Plain water remains the healthiest drink overall — it’s calorie-free, hydrates effectively, and supports every bodily function. If you want a nutrient boost, naturally infused water with fruits, herbs, or vegetables is a great choice. MANZI Water’s prepared water ensures you get the purest hydration possible.

Are MANZI Water’s fruit juices really 100% juice?

Yes. Our entire range is made from 100% fruit juice, with no added sugars, artificial flavourings, colourants, or preservatives. The sweetness comes naturally from the fruit itself.

Are your fruit juices suitable for children?

Absolutely. Since our fruit juices are free from added sugar and artificial ingredients, they are a great choice for children, provided they are enjoyed in moderation as part of a balanced diet.

How long does the fruit juice last after opening?

Once opened, we recommend refrigerating the fruit juice and consuming it within 2-3 days for the best taste and freshness.

Is the packaging recyclable?

Yes. Our PET plastic bottles are 100% recyclable, and we encourage all our customers to dispose of them responsibly.

Is the concentrate also 100% juice?

Yes. Our concentrate is made from 100% fruit juice and simply requires dilution with MANZI Water before drinking.

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Tips To Encourage Water Drinking In Children

Getting children to drink enough water can sometimes feel like an uphill battle. Many kids are naturally drawn to sweetened drinks or simply forget to drink altogether while playing or focusing on schoolwork. However, proper hydration is essential for their growth, concentration, mood, and even dental health.

In this blog, we will explore creative and practical tips to encourage water drinking in children, helping parents and caregivers nurture healthy hydration habits early on. These strategies are unique and engaging, ensuring they stand out from the usual “just give them a bottle” advice.

Why Children Need to Drink Enough Water

Water plays a vital role in every bodily function, from keeping joints flexible to maintaining temperature and boosting energy. For children, staying hydrated also supports:

  • Concentration and learning: Dehydration can lead to headaches and difficulty focusing in class.
  • Digestive health: Water keeps their digestive system running smoothly, preventing constipation.
  • Healthy teeth: Choosing water over sugary drinks protects against cavities and decay.
  • Overall growth: Adequate hydration supports nutrient transport and healthy organ function.

Yet despite these benefits, many kids drink far less than they should. Let’s explore how you can encourage water drinking.

Tips To Encourage Water Drinking in Children

1. Turn Water Into an Adventure With Fun Bottles

Kids love anything bright, playful, or personalised. Invest in a water bottle that features their favourite colour, cartoon character, or even their name. Let them help pick it out so they feel ownership over their hydration routine. When a child has their “special bottle,” drinking water feels more exciting and less like a chore.

2. Use a Reward Chart

Children thrive on positive reinforcement. Create a simple chart where they can place a sticker each time they finish their water goal for the day. At the end of the week, reward them with something small, like extra playtime or a special outing. This gamified approach can encourage water drinking by making hydration feel like an achievement.

3. Flavour the Water Naturally

Plain water might seem boring to kids used to fruit juice or soft drinks. Brighten it up by adding slices of strawberries, oranges, mint, or cucumber to their water. Additionally, by involving children in the creation of these infusions, they are more engaged and willing to test out their creations. These natural infusions create colourful, tasty drinks without added sugar, making water more appealing while keeping it healthy. Alternatively, MANZI Water offers a wide range of flavoured sparkling water that are aspartame-free and sure to be something your child will enjoy.

4. Set Hydration Reminders With Playful Signals

Instead of a typical alarm, make hydration fun with unique cues: a song they love, a silly dance, or a quick round of clapping when it’s “water time”. Kids are more likely to drink when it’s connected to physical activity and something they enjoy.

5. Pair Water With Snacks

Offer water alongside snacks rather than fruit juice or soft drinks. For example, serve a plate of apple slices or crackers with a small glass of chilled water. The positive association of water with tasty treats can encourage water drinking habits over time.

6. Create a Hydration Buddy System

Kids are motivated by peers. Encourage them to pair up with a sibling or friend to see who can finish their water first or reach a shared goal. This friendly competition can lead to more sips throughout the day.

7. Make Water Visible and Accessible

Keep jugs of MANZI Water and their colourful bottles on low tables or within easy reach in the fridge. It can encourage water drinking when children see water readily available; they’re more likely to drink without prompting.

8. Integrate Water Into Creative Play

Set up a “hydration station” during outdoor play or a pretend tea party. Use small cups or straws so they can “serve” and sip water in between activities. Associating water with fun helps embed the habit naturally.

9. Educate Through Storytelling

Explain why water is important in a way kids understand. Tell them water is like “fuel” for superheroes or “magic juice” that helps them run faster and jump higher. Connecting hydration to something exciting sparks curiosity and compliance, while helping to build healthy communication and to encourage water drinking habits.

Extra Tips for Parents

  • Always lead by example, children imitate adults, so sip your own water regularly.
  • Avoid stocking sugary drinks at home. When water is the easiest option, it becomes the natural choice.
  • Pay attention to signs of dehydration, such as dry lips, dark urine, or irritability, and gently remind them to drink water.

Why MANZI Water Helps You Win the Hydration Battle

MANZI Water’s great-tasting water makes every sip more enjoyable. Whether through our eco-friendly refill stations, convenient bottled options, and fun flavoured sparkling water, we ensure you can trust that your children are drinking water free of impurities and heavy minerals. The crisp taste will encourage water drinking, helping them to keep sipping throughout the day, making hydration a healthy habit for life.

FAQs

How can you encourage someone to drink water?

Make it fun and accessible—use colourful bottles, set reminders, and flavour water naturally to suit their preferences. Positive reinforcement and leading by example also go a long way.

What causes a lack of desire to drink water?

It can stem from low thirst signals, preference for sweetened drinks, or simply forgetting due to distractions like play or schoolwork.

Is 2 litres of water a day enough?

For many adults, 2 litres is a good target, but individual needs vary. Children generally need less, depending on age, activity level, and climate.

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Winter Hydration Hacks to Avoid the Dangers of Dehydration

When temperatures drop, most people think about staying warm, not staying hydrated, but what many don’t realise is that winter dehydration is just as dangerous as summer dehydration and often more deceptive.

The crisp air, decreased sweating, and lack of thirst can all trick us into drinking less water, leading to fatigue, dry skin, weakened immunity, and even impaired cognitive function.

So, how do you stay on top of your water intake when it’s freezing outside and the idea of sipping cold water isn’t exactly appealing? Here are some practical winter hydration hacks and reasons why winter hydration deserves your full attention.

Why Dehydration is a Winter Problem Too

In summer, we see the sweat and feel the thirst, but in winter? That’s a whole different story.

Here’s why dehydration sneaks up on us in cold weather:

  • Lower thirst response: Cold weather reduces your body’s natural thirst signal, so you don’t feel the need to drink even when you are losing fluids.
  • Increased urination: The body produces more urine in cold temperatures to maintain core warmth, leading to fluid loss.
  • Dry Air and Indoor Heating: Both contribute to quicker moisture evaporation from your skin and lungs.
  • Heavy clothing: Layered clothes may cause sweating, but it goes unnoticed due to the cold environment.

Dehydration in winter can result in:

  • Dry, cracked skin and lips;
  • Fatigue and dizziness;
  • Headaches and poor concentration; and
  • Increased risk of colds and infections due to weakened immunity.

Winter Hydration Hacks To Stay Refreshed

Ready to outsmart winter dehydration? These simple, effective winter hydration hacks will help you maintain your fluid levels even when it’s chilly.

1. Drink Warm Water or Herbal Teas

Cold water in winter? Not always the most inviting idea. Instead, go for warm water or naturally caffeine-free herbal teas. These warm you up from the inside while still delivering vital hydration. Teas like rooibos, peppermint, and chamomile are especially comforting, promote relaxation, and are gentle on your stomach. For best results, brew your tea using prepared water to ensure purity and enhance the flavour.

2. Infuse Your Water with Flavour

If plain water doesn’t appeal in the colder months, natural infusions can be a game changer. Drop slices of lemon, apple, or fresh ginger into a bottle of water. Or try a cinnamon stick for a subtle spicy kick. These ingredients not only add warmth and aroma but also offer antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits ideal for the cold and flu season. Infused water feels more like a treat than a chore, making it easier to sip throughout the day, making this a great winter hydration hack.

3. Eat Water-Rich Foods

Not all hydration has to come from a bottle. In winter, swap your cold salads for steaming soups, broths, and stews, which can be up to 90% water. Think of options like butternut soup, chicken broth, or vegetable stew. Seasonal fruits like citrus, apples, and pears also contain plenty of water and vitamin C to support immune health. Cooking these foods with prepared water enhances both taste and health benefits by avoiding contaminants found in municipal water.

4. Hydrate Before, During, and After Exercise

Exercising in winter may not make you feel sweaty, but you still lose fluids through breath and perspiration. Because you’re less likely to feel thirsty, you may not naturally reach for water yet your body still needs it. One of the useful winter hydration hacks is to always drink a glass of water before heading out, sip during your workout, and replenish with water afterwards to aid muscle recovery and maintain energy.

5. Use a Humidifier at Home

Indoor heating systems can dry out the air, making it harder for your body to maintain hydration. A humidifier adds moisture back into your living space, which helps your skin, throat, and respiratory system retain water. While it doesn’t replace drinking water, it does reduce the rate at which your body loses moisture, especially overnight. Pair a humidifier with a glass of water before bed to maximise hydration.

6. Don’t Wait Until You’re Thirsty

In cold weather, your thirst response is naturally diminished, which means you could already be dehydrated by the time you feel thirsty. Instead of relying on thirst cues, schedule regular sips throughout the day. Start the morning with water, have a glass with every meal, and drink a bit before bed. Keeping bottled water or a refillable jug nearby makes it easier to build this habit.

7. Choose Prepared Water for Better Hydration

Quality matters. MANZI Water’s prepared water is free from chlorine, heavy metals, and other impurities often found in municipal water. Because it’s cleaner and crisper, your body can absorb it more efficiently. Plus, great-tasting water encourages you to drink more, naturally improving your hydration levels. Whether you opt for MANZI Water’s bottled or refill water, you are getting premium hydration in an eco-conscious way.

8. Stir in a Pinch of Himalayan Salt

Himalayan salt isn’t just trendy it’s packed with natural electrolytes like magnesium, potassium, and calcium. Adding a pinch to your warm water or a light broth can help balance your body’s fluid levels, especially in dry environments where electrolyte loss is subtle but ongoing. This winter hydration hack is particularly helpful if you are prone to dry skin or fatigue during winter.

9. Hydrate After Hot Showers or Baths

Long, steamy showers feel heavenly on cold mornings, but they can dehydrate your body by stripping moisture from your skin and increasing internal water loss through steam exposure. After towelling off, make it a habit to drink a glass of water. You will replenish what’s been lost, support healthy skin, and feel more energised afterwards.

10. Layer Clothing Smartly to Reduce Excess Sweating

Believe it or not, overdressing can lead to hidden dehydration. Thick winter layers can cause your body to sweat, especially when you move between cold outdoors and warm indoor spaces, but you may not notice it because your sweat evaporates quickly in the dry air. Combat this by wearing breathable layers and drinking a glass of water every time you return from outside.

11. Drink a Glass Before Every Cup of Coffee

Warm drinks like coffee and tea are staples in winter, but caffeine has a mild diuretic effect, increasing fluid loss. That doesn’t mean you need to give them up, just balance them out. Make it a rule to drink a full glass of water before every caffeinated drink. It’s a simple trick that can keep your hydration levels steady without affecting your routine.

By following these winter hydration hacks, you can ensure that you stay hydrated even when it is harder to notice.

Why MANZI Water Is Your Winter Hydration Ally

At MANZI Water, we provide prepared water that supports your health year-round. Our water refills and BPA-free bottled water options make staying hydrated easy and sustainable. Whether you prefer still or sparkling, hot or cold, MANZI Water ensures you get the quality hydration you need to power through the colder months.

FAQs

What Liquid Hydrates You The Fastest?

Water remains the fastest and most effective hydrator. Electrolyte-rich fluids like coconut water or oral rehydration solutions can help if you are severely dehydrated, but for everyday hydration, prepared water is best.

What Can I Add To Water In Winter?

Try adding warming and immune-boosting ingredients like ginger, lemon, cinnamon, cloves, or even a splash of MANZI Water’s fruit juice to your water for flavour and health benefits.

What Is The Fastest Way To Hydrate?

The quickest way to hydrate is to drink water consistently in small amounts throughout the day. If you are feeling severely dehydrated, combining water with electrolytes may accelerate absorption.

What Are 4 Ways You Can Hydrate Correctly?

  1. Drink regularly, not just when thirsty;
  2. Eat hydrating foods like soups and fruits;
  3. Use reminders to keep up your water intake; and
  4. Choose quality prepared water like MANZI Water for better absorption and taste.
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How to Prevent White Build-Up in Kettles

There’s nothing like a good cup of tea or a hot cup of coffee to start your day, but if you have ever looked into your kettle and spotted a chalky, white residue clinging to the bottom or sides, you are not alone. This common kitchen annoyance, known as white build-up in kettles, affects households across South Africa and is usually a sign of hard water at work.

At MANZI Water, we believe that something as simple as making tea or coffee shouldn’t be spoiled by limescale, and we have got the perfect solution. In this blog, we will explore what causes white build-up, how to prevent it, and why using prepared water not only keeps your kettle clean but also prolongs its lifespan.

What is the White Build-Up in Kettles?

The white residue you see inside your kettle is limescale, a chalky deposit made up mostly of calcium carbonate. It forms when water containing high levels of calcium and magnesium is heated. These minerals are naturally present in what is known as hard water, which is common across Africa.

When water is boiled, it evaporates, leaving the minerals behind. Over time, these minerals settle on the internal surfaces of the kettle, forming a hard, white crust. This white build-up in kettles can dull the kettle’s appearance, reduce its efficiency, and eventually affect the taste of your hot drinks.

What Causes Limescale or White Build-Up in Kettles?

The main culprit behind white build-up in kettles is the mineral content of your tap water. Specifically:

  • Calcium and Magnesium: These naturally occurring minerals are abundant in South African water sources, particularly in areas with limestone geology.
  • Frequent Boiling and Reboiling: The more often you boil water, the more limescale accumulates, especially if you are topping up already-boiled water.
  • Stagnant Water: Leaving water sitting in the kettle overnight or between uses accelerates the scaling process.

Why It Matters: Effects of White Build-Up

While limescale is not harmful to consume, it can have unpleasant and costly consequences:

  • Unattractive Appearance: That cloudy layer inside your kettle doesn’t exactly scream “clean.”
  • Strange Tastes: Mineral residue can interfere with the taste of your tea, coffee, or other hot drinks.
  • Reduced Efficiency: Limescale acts as an insulator, causing your kettle to take longer to heat up and consequently use more electricity.
  • Shortened Appliance Lifespan: If left unchecked, white build-up in kettles can damage heating elements and cause premature failure.

Preventing White Build-Up with Prepared Water

The good news? You can dramatically reduce limescale and the white build-up it causes by simply changing the water you use.

At MANZI Water, our prepared water contains lower levels of calcium and magnesium, making it the ideal choice for use in kettles and other appliances. Here’s how switching to MANZI Water helps:

1. Reduces Mineral Deposits

By using low-mineral, prepared water, you will significantly decrease the amount of calcium left behind after boiling. That means fewer deposits, slower build-up, and cleaner kettles with every boil.

2. Prolongs the Lifespan of Your Kettle

Using prepared water prevents white build-up in kettles that can damage heating elements and corrode internal surfaces. This helps you avoid costly repairs or early replacements.

3. Improves Taste and Clarity

Prepared water ensures that your tea or coffee is brewed with pure, clean water, free of the metallic or chalky taste that limescale can introduce.

4. Supports Sustainable Living

MANZI Water’s refill stations offer an eco-friendly way to reduce plastic waste while enjoying the benefits of consistently prepared water at home. You not only get water that is great for drinking, but also perfect for prolonging the life of your appliances.

Additional Tips to Prevent Limescale in Kettles

Using prepared water is the most effective solution, but there are a few additional habits that can help reduce and manage white build-up in kettles:

  • Empty the Kettle After Use: Avoid leaving water sitting in the kettle for long periods.
  • Descale Regularly: Even with prepared water, it is a good idea to clean your kettle monthly to remove any minor mineral traces.
  • Use a Descaling Agent: Vinegar and lemon juice are natural solutions that can break down existing limescale.
  • Avoid Reboiling Water: Reboiling water can increase the concentration of dissolved minerals, which may affect taste and contribute to limescale build-up.

Conclusion

White build-up in kettles is a common household nuisance caused by mineral-rich water, but it is completely preventable with a few smart choices. By using prepared water, you not only reduce limescale but also enjoy tastier drinks, lower electricity bills, and a longer-lasting kettle.

Whether you are brewing a comforting rooibos or making that essential morning coffee, trust MANZI Water to protect your appliances and deliver pure, clean water — every time. Visit your nearest MANZI Water refill station or try our bottled solutions to make the smart switch today.

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Everything You Need to Know About Carbonated Water

Carbonated water has gained serious popularity over the years — and for good reason. It’s crisp, refreshing, and a fizzy way to hydrate that many people prefer over still water. But what exactly is carbonated water? Is it healthy? Can it help you drink more water? In this blog, we dive into everything you need to know about carbonated water — from how it’s made to why it might just be your new hydration hero.

What is Carbonated Water?

Carbonated water is water that has been infused with carbon dioxide gas under pressure. This infusion creates bubbles, the delightful fizz that gives the water its signature effervescence. It’s also commonly known as sparkling water, soda water, or fizzy water.

While all carbonated waters contain carbon dioxide, they can differ in taste and mineral content depending on how they are made. Some are naturally carbonated at the source, while others are artificially infused with CO₂ during production.

How is Carbonated Water Made?

The process of carbonating water is fairly straightforward. Water is chilled and then pressurised with carbon dioxide gas (CO₂). This gas dissolves into the water, forming carbonic acid — which gives carbonated water its slightly tangy, acidic taste.

At MANZI Water, we focus on providing clean, crisp sparkling (carbonated) water that delivers hydration with a refreshing twist — minus the additives.

Benefits of Carbonated Water

Many people associate carbonation with sugar-laden sodas, but plain carbonated water actually offers several benefits, especially when consumed as part of a balanced lifestyle.

Promotes Hydration

First and foremost, carbonated water helps you stay hydrated. The fizzy sensation can make drinking water more enjoyable. Many people report that switching to carbonated water helps them increase their daily water intake. The fizz provides sensory satisfaction, especially for those who find still water too bland or struggle to meet their hydration goals. This means you’re more likely to meet your daily fluid intake goals, which is essential for everything from temperature regulation to energy levels.

Aids Digestion

Some studies have shown that carbonated water may help with digestion by stimulating the nerves responsible for swallowing and supporting healthy gut motility. It can also ease symptoms like indigestion or mild constipation, thanks to its gentle stimulation of the digestive system.

Carbonated Water Over Sugary Sodas

One of the biggest advantages of carbonated water is that it offers all the fizz and satisfaction of a soda, without the added sugar, calories, or artificial ingredients. For those trying to cut back on soft drinks, switching to carbonated water is a smart and sustainable move. Additionally, it is far less damaging to teeth than sugary sodas. Choosing unsweetened sparkling water over acidic soft drinks can dramatically reduce your risk of tooth decay, enamel erosion, and gum disease.

This is especially beneficial for children, who are often drawn to the sweetness and bubbles of traditional fizzy drinks. Carbonated water provides a fun, healthier alternative that satisfies their cravings without contributing to sugar-related health issues like tooth decay, obesity, or energy crashes. Plus, it helps to establish better hydration habits from a young age by making water more appealing.

Carbonated Water vs Still Water

While still water is the standard go-to for hydration, carbonated water offers a fun, fizzy alternative, especially for those trying to cut down on sodas. Both provide excellent hydration, but sparkling water adds that bit of excitement to your sip.

Still water is ideal for chugging after workouts, taking medication, or when hydration needs to be simple and direct. Carbonated water is perfect for sipping throughout the day or enjoying as a refreshing, calorie-free treat.

MANZI Water’s Sparkling Offering

At MANZI Water, we offer a premium plain sparkling water made to deliver hydration with a crisp, clean finish. Free from sugar, sweeteners, and unnecessary additives, our carbonated water provides the fizz without the fuss.

And if you’re looking for flavour with your fizz, we’ve got you covered there too. Our flavoured sparkling water range includes refreshing options like Apple, Lemon & Lime, Litchi, Mint, Naartjie, Pineapple & Coconut, Strawberry, and Passion Fruit — all low in kilojoules and aspartame-free.

Whether you’re going plain or flavoured, MANZI Water’s sparkling water is a healthy, feel-good hydration option that fits every lifestyle.

FAQs

Is drinking carbonated water good for you?

Yes! Plain carbonated water is hydrating, calorie-free, and refreshing. It can help with digestion, increase your daily water intake, and support weight management. As long as it’s free from sugar and additives, it’s perfectly healthy for most people.

What is carbonated water?

Carbonated water is water that has been infused with carbon dioxide gas (CO₂) under pressure, creating bubbles and a slightly tangy taste. It’s a refreshing alternative to still water and is often used in both health and culinary settings.

Is sparkling water good for skin?

While there’s no magic in the bubbles, staying hydrated is key to maintaining healthy skin. Sparkling water helps you meet your hydration goals, which in turn keeps your skin looking plump, fresh, and radiant. Just be sure to drink it plain (no added sugars or artificial flavours), as those can counteract the benefits. Opting for pure sparkling water can support your skin’s natural elasticity and help flush out toxins, contributing to a clearer and more vibrant complexion.

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Water Dispenser Maintenance and Cleaning to Prolong Its Lifespan

Water dispensers are an essential part of many homes, offices, and commercial spaces, providing convenient access to safe, clean drinking water.

However, like any appliance, they require regular maintenance and proper cleaning to ensure they function efficiently and last for years.

Neglecting maintenance can lead to bacterial buildup, mineral deposits, and mechanical issues, ultimately reducing the quality of your drinking water and the lifespan of your water dispenser.

In this blog, we will explore the best water dispenser maintenance practices, the importance of regular cleaning, and how you can keep your dispenser in top condition.

Why Water Dispenser Maintenance is Important

Routine maintenance of your water dispenser offers several key benefits:

1. Ensures Safe, Clean Drinking Water

Over time, bacteria, mould, and algae can accumulate inside a water dispenser, contaminating the water and may potentially lead to health problems. Regular cleaning of water dispensers eliminates harmful microorganisms, ensuring that your drinking water remains fresh and safe.

2. Prevents Mechanical Issues

Water dispensers have various internal components, which can include cooling and heating elements, and pumps. Without proper maintenance, these parts can become clogged with dirt, dust, or mineral deposits, leading to malfunctions or costly repairs.

3. Improves Efficiency and Performance

A well-maintained water dispenser runs more efficiently, keeping your water at the ideal temperature while using less energy. Cleaning the cooling system and ensuring there’s no buildup inside the pipes helps maintain optimal performance.

4. Extends the Lifespan of the Dispenser

Regular upkeep prevents wear and tear, allowing your dispenser to function effectively for many years. Proper maintenance can extend the lifespan of your appliance, saving you the cost of frequent replacements.

5. Reduces Unpleasant Tastes and Odours

If your water starts to taste or smell different, it could be due to a buildup of bacteria or mould inside the water dispenser. Proper cleaning of water dispensers removes these contaminants, ensuring a clean and fresh taste every time.

Essential Water Dispenser Maintenance Tips

To get the most out of your water dispenser, follow these key maintenance steps:

1. Regularly Clean the Water Tank and Reservoir

The water tank or reservoir is one of the most crucial components to clean. Residue, bacteria, and biofilm can build up inside the tank if left unattended. To maintain hygiene:

  • Drain and clean the reservoir at least once every month.
  • Use mild soap or a vinegar solution to disinfect the tank.
  • Rinse thoroughly with MANZI water to remove any cleaning residue.

2. Clean the Exterior and Dispensing Nozzles

The exterior of your water dispenser can accumulate dust, spills, and bacteria from frequent contact.

  • Wipe down the exterior weekly with a damp cloth and mild detergent.
  • Pay special attention to the dispensing nozzles, as they are a common point of contamination.

3. Replace Water Bottles Properly

Always replace the bottle of the dispenser carefully to prevent introducing dust or bacteria into the system.

  • Wipe the new bottle with a clean, damp cloth before placing it on / in the water dispenser.
  • Ensure the seal is intact to prevent contamination.

4. Sanitise the Drip Tray and Drainage System

Water dispensers have a drip tray that collects excess water, making it a breeding ground for mould and bacteria.

  • Empty and wash the drip tray every week.
  • If your water dispenser has a drainage system, check for clogs or water buildup that could cause leaks.

5. Keep the Cooling and Heating System Clean

To maintain the water dispenser’s ability to chill and heat water, clean the internal cooling and heating components periodically.

  • Dust buildup around the ventilation system can reduce cooling efficiency.
  • Wipe down the heating element to prevent mineral deposits from affecting performance.

6. Use High-Quality Water Sources

Using clean, high-quality water reduces the risk of contamination and mineral buildup inside, reducing the need for water dispenser maintenance.

Therefore, choose trusted brands like MANZI Water to ensure safe, clean drinking water.

7. Store the Water Dispenser in a Clean, Dry Area

The location of your water dispenser also plays a role in its maintenance:

  • Keep it in a shaded area away from direct sunlight to prevent algae growth.
  • Ensure there’s proper ventilation around the water dispenser to prevent overheating.

8. Follow Manufacturer Instructions

Each water dispenser model has specific maintenance needs. Always refer to the user manual for manufacturer-recommended cleaning and maintenance practices.

Conclusion

Regular water dispenser maintenance is essential for ensuring safe, clean drinking water and extending the lifespan of your appliance. By following proper cleaning procedures and scheduling routine upkeep, you can enjoy fresh, great-tasting water while keeping your water dispenser in excellent condition.

At MANZI Water, we believe that access to pure and refreshing drinking water should be hassle-free. Our high-quality Polycarbonate (PC) bottles and ozonated water are designed to complement your water dispenser, offering a safe and sustainable hydration solution.

Stay hydrated, stay healthy, and keep your water dispenser well-maintained for years to come!

FAQs

What maintenance does a water dispenser need?

Water dispensers require regular cleaning of the reservoir, dispensing nozzles, drip tray, and exterior to prevent bacterial buildup. Additionally, internal components should be dust-free for optimal performance.

How do you maintain a water dispenser?

To maintain a water dispenser:

  1. Clean the reservoir every month.
  2. Wipe the exterior and nozzles weekly to remove bacteria and dust.
  3. Empty and wash the drip tray to prevent mould growth.
  4. Keep the cooling and heating elements clean for efficient performance.

What is the best way to clean a water dispenser?

The best way to clean a water dispenser is by:

  • Draining and rinsing the reservoir with mild soap or a vinegar solution.
  • Wiping down the exterior and dispensing nozzles with disinfectant wipes.
  • Cleaning the drip tray and drainage system to prevent mould buildup.
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The Benefits of Polycarbonate Bottles for Water Dispensers

Polycarbonate bottles have become a popular choice for water dispensers due to their durability, clarity, and safety. Whether in homes, offices, or public spaces, these bottles offer a reliable way to store and dispense clean drinking water. At MANZI Water, we prioritise quality and safety, which is why our polycarbonate bottles are BPA-free, ensuring a healthier hydration solution. In this blog, we’ll explore what polycarbonate is, the advantages of using polycarbonate bottles for water dispensers, and why MANZI Water’s BPA-free polycarbonate bottles are a superior choice.

What is Polycarbonate?

Polycarbonate is a high-performance plastic known for its strength, impact resistance, and optical clarity. It is widely used in industries such as medical equipment, automotive parts, and food and beverage storage. Unlike traditional plastics, polycarbonate is highly resistant to heat and pressure, making it an ideal material for reusable water bottles.

One of the key reasons polycarbonate is used for water dispenser bottles is its ability to withstand repeated use and cleaning while maintaining its integrity. This ensures that consumers receive fresh, clean water without concerns about contamination or degradation of the bottle material.

The Benefits of Polycarbonate Bottles for Water Dispensers

1. Exceptional Durability

Polycarbonate bottles are designed for long-term use. Unlike disposable plastic bottles that crack or degrade over time, polycarbonate bottles can withstand repeated refills and high-pressure cleaning processes without losing their structural integrity. This makes them a cost-effective and sustainable option for homes and businesses.

2. BPA-Free and Safe for Drinking Water

While traditional polycarbonate bottles contain Bisphenol A (BPA), advancements in technology have led to the development of BPA-free polycarbonate bottles. At MANZI Water, we use BPA-free polycarbonate bottles, ensuring that no harmful chemicals leach into your drinking water.

Why is BPA-free important?

  • BPA has been linked to potential health concerns, particularly with hormonal imbalances.
  • BPA-free bottles eliminate the risk of chemical contamination, making them safer for long-term use.

3. Lightweight Yet Strong

One of the standout features of polycarbonate is that it offers the strength of glass without the weight. This makes it easy to handle and transport, whether you’re placing a bottle on a water dispenser or moving it for refilling.

Key benefits of its lightweight design:

  • Easier lifting and handling.
  • Reduced risk of injury from dropped bottles.
  • Lower transportation costs due to decreased weight.

4. Clear Transparency

Unlike some plastics that turn cloudy over time, polycarbonate remains clear, allowing users to easily see the water level inside. This clarity makes it easier to monitor refills and ensures that the water inside looks as fresh as it tastes.

5. Heat and Impact Resistance

Polycarbonate bottles are highly resistant to temperature variations and physical impacts. This makes them ideal for both indoor and outdoor use. Whether they are stored in hot environments or refrigerated conditions, polycarbonate bottles maintain their strength and shape without warping or cracking.

6. Environmentally Friendly and Reusable

Using polycarbonate bottles for water dispensers significantly reduces plastic waste. Unlike single-use plastics that contribute to environmental pollution, polycarbonate bottles are:

  • Reusable for many years, reducing the demand for disposable alternatives.
  • Recyclable, ensuring they don’t end up in landfills.
  • A sustainable option for businesses and homes looking to lower their environmental footprint.

7. Cost-Effective for Long-Term Use

While the initial investment in polycarbonate water dispenser bottles may be higher than in disposable alternatives, they offer significant savings in the long run. Their durability and reusability reduce replacement costs, making them a cost-effective choice for homes, businesses, and offices.

8. Easy to Clean and Maintain

Polycarbonate bottles are designed for easy maintenance. They can withstand high-temperature cleaning processes without degrading, ensuring that each refill is just as pure as the first.

9. Aesthetic Appeal

Polycarbonate bottles not only perform well but also look great. Their sleek, modern appearance makes them a visually appealing choice for homes and office environments. The clarity of the material enhances the clean and refreshing look of the water inside, reinforcing trust in the purity of the product.

Conclusion

Polycarbonate bottles are the ideal solution for water dispensers, offering durability, safety, and sustainability. Their BPA-free composition, lightweight design, and resistance to heat and impact make them the perfect choice for homes and businesses alike.

At MANZI Water, we are committed to providing high-quality, BPA-free polycarbonate bottles that guarantee a safe, clean and enjoyable drinking experience. Whether you need a reliable water dispenser solution for your home, office, or commercial space, our bottles deliver long-lasting performance and environmental benefits.

Choose MANZI Water’s polycarbonate bottles for superior quality, safety, and sustainability—because every sip of water should be pure, refreshing, and worry-free!

FAQ

Is polycarbonate a good material for a water bottle?

Yes, polycarbonate is an excellent material for water bottles, especially for dispensers. It is lightweight, durable, shatter-resistant, and maintains its clarity over time. Additionally, MANZI Water’s BPA-free polycarbonate bottles ensure a safe and high-quality drinking experience.

Are polycarbonate bottles safe to use?

Absolutely! BPA-free polycarbonate bottles are completely safe for storing drinking water. They do not leach harmful chemicals and are designed for long-term, reusable use. Their ability to withstand high temperatures and thorough cleaning processes further ensures their safety.

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Water Bottling Regulations in South Africa

Water bottling in South Africa is a highly regulated industry designed to ensure the safety and quality of drinking water. With concerns about water contamination and environmental sustainability on the rise, these regulations provide essential protections for public health while promoting responsible business practices.

At MANZI Water, we strictly adhere to these standards, delivering safe, clean drinking water through our innovative dual approach of packaged water and refill services.

Understanding Water Bottling Regulations in South Africa

South Africa’s water bottling industry operates under several stringent regulations and standards, ensuring that bottled water is safe for human consumption.

These laws cover everything from water quality and bottling processes to labelling requirements.

Below, we delve into the key regulations that govern this industry:

1. SANS 241: South African National Standard for Drinking Water Quality

SANS 241 is the gold standard for the quality of drinking water in South Africa. It specifies the acceptable limits for various physical, chemical, and microbiological factors in drinking water, ensuring it is safe for consumption.

Key aspects of SANS 241 include:

  • Physical and Aesthetic Factors: These cover water clarity, taste, and odour to ensure a pleasant drinking experience.
  • Chemical Factors: Strict limits on harmful substances like lead, arsenic, and nitrates protect consumers from long-term health risks.
  • Microbiological Factors: Ensures water is free from harmful pathogens like E. coli and Cryptosporidium.

At MANZI Water, we fully comply with SANS 241, ensuring every drop of water we provide meets the highest safety and quality standards.

2. Regulations Governing Bottled Water (R718 of 2006)

These regulations, issued under the Foodstuffs, Cosmetics and Disinfectants Act, govern all aspects of water bottling, including production, sourcing, treatment, and labelling.

Key highlights include:

  • Source: Water must be sourced from protected environments to prevent contamination.
  • Permitted Treatments: Only specific treatments, such as filtration, ozonation, and carbon dioxide addition, are allowed to ensure water safety without altering its natural composition.
  • Labelling Requirements: Labels must include the water source, treatment methods, and chemical composition to provide transparency to consumers.

3. SANBWA: South African National Bottled Water Association

SANBWA is a voluntary industry body that sets additional standards for bottled water. While not a legal requirement, its guidelines promote best practices in sustainability and water safety.

MANZI Water’s Position:

MANZI Water is not a SANBWA member because the association’s guidelines exclude brands offering both refill services and packaged water under the same name. Despite this, we strictly adhere to all legal regulations, ensuring the safety, quality, and sustainability of our operations. Our refill services reduce plastic waste, promoting an environmentally forward-thinking approach.

How Water Bottling Regulations Protect the Public

These regulations are vital in safeguarding public health and ensuring that consumers receive safe, high-quality drinking water. Here’s how they protect the public:

1. Ensuring Water Purity

Water bottling regulations set strict standards for the physical, chemical, and microbiological quality of water. By mandating that water be free from harmful substances such as heavy metals (e.g., lead and arsenic) and dangerous microorganisms (e.g., E. coli and Giardia), these regulations ensure that the water reaching consumers is safe for consumption.

For example:

  • Microbiological Safety: Bottled water must be tested to confirm the absence of pathogens that could cause diseases like cholera or dysentery.
  • Chemical Standards: Acceptable limits for nitrates, fluoride, and other chemicals are established to prevent long-term health risks such as kidney damage or developmental issues in children.

These measures safeguard public health, especially in areas where tap water may not meet the same standards.

2. Promoting Transparency

Consumers have the right to know what’s in the water they drink, and regulations make this possible by requiring clear, accurate labelling of bottled water products.

Key labelling requirements include:

  • The source of the water, such as a natural spring, borehole, or municipal supply.
  • The treatment methods used, like filtration or ozonation, ensure transparency about how the water has been purified.
  • The chemical composition, including levels of essential minerals like calcium, magnesium, and sodium, as well as the pH and total dissolved solids (TDS).

This transparency allows consumers to make informed choices and trust the quality of the product they are purchasing.

3. Maintaining Environmental Standards

Water bottling regulations also consider the environmental impact of the industry by enforcing sustainable sourcing and responsible practices.

  • Protected Sources: Regulations ensure that water is sourced from protected environments, preventing over-extraction and preserving natural ecosystems.
  • Sustainable Operations: Treatment and bottling processes must comply with environmental laws to avoid pollution and minimise carbon footprints.
  • Packaging Requirements: Bottled water must be sold in hermetically sealed, food-grade containers that prevent contamination while being recyclable to support sustainability goals.

These measures reduce the environmental impact of the water bottling industry, promoting eco-friendly practices that align with global sustainability efforts.

4. Encouraging Accountability in the Industry

By setting clear standards for water quality, labelling, and bottling processes, these regulations hold water bottling companies accountable for their products.

Accountability measures include:

  • Regular Testing: Companies must regularly test their water for compliance with standards like SANS 241.
  • Audits and Inspections: Government authorities and third-party organisations conduct audits to ensure facilities and processes meet regulatory requirements.
  • Penalties for Non-Compliance: Companies that fail to meet these standards can face fines, legal action, or product recalls, ensuring public safety is prioritised.

This framework builds consumer trust and ensures that only high-quality products are available on the market.

5. Protecting Vulnerable Populations

Water bottling regulations pay special attention to the needs of vulnerable populations, such as infants, children, and those with compromised immune systems.

  • Fluoride Levels: Bottled water with higher fluoride content must include warnings on the label to protect young children from dental fluorosis.
  • Chemical Limits: Regulations ensure that even trace amounts of harmful substances, like mercury or cyanide, are well below levels that could pose a risk to vulnerable groups.

By addressing these specific risks, regulations provide an extra layer of protection for the most at-risk individuals in society.

6. Boosting Consumer Confidence

When consumers see that bottled water adheres to strict regulatory standards, it builds confidence in the safety and quality of the product. This trust is especially important in areas where municipal water supplies may be unreliable or perceived as unsafe.

Knowing that bottled water is rigorously tested and certified gives consumers peace of mind, making it a preferred choice for hydration in homes, workplaces, and outdoor activities.

MANZI Water’s Commitment to Excellence

At MANZI Water, our mission is to provide safe, clean drinking water while leading the way in sustainability.

Here’s how we align with South Africa’s water bottling regulations:

  1. Compliance with SANS 241: We rigorously test our water to meet the highest safety and quality standards.
  2. Sustainable Practices: Our innovative water refill service minimises plastic waste, reducing environmental impact and encouraging sustainable consumption.
  3. Transparency: Whether it’s our packaged water or refill services, we ensure complete transparency about our water sources, treatments, and quality.

Conclusion

South Africa’s water bottling regulations are essential for protecting public health and ensuring sustainable practices. At MANZI Water, we take pride in adhering to these standards while offering innovative solutions like our refill services to reduce plastic waste. By choosing MANZI Water, you’re not only opting for safe and high-quality drinking water but also supporting a brand dedicated to sustainability and community well-being.

Stay hydrated, stay healthy, and join us in making a difference with MANZI Water!

FAQ

Do you need a license to sell water in South Africa?

Yes, you need a license to operate a water bottling business in South Africa. This includes obtaining approval from local health authorities and complying with regulations like SANS 241 and R718.

What is the process of bottling water?

The water bottling process typically involves the following steps:

  1. Source Protection: Water is sourced from natural springs, boreholes, or municipal supplies.
  2. Treatment: The water undergoes filtration, ozonation, or other permitted treatments to remove impurities.
  3. Bottling: The treated water is filled into sanitised, sealed bottles in a sterile environment.
  4. Labelling and Distribution: The bottles are labelled with all required information and distributed to retailers.